口譯是現(xiàn)場(chǎng)進(jìn)行翻譯的，需要口譯人員臨危不亂的心態(tài)并且掌握大量的詞匯和技巧，上海臻云翻譯公司帶大家了解現(xiàn)場(chǎng)口譯需要掌握什么技巧?

  Interpretation is carried out on site, which requires interpreters to keep calm in the face of danger and master a large number of vocabulary and skills. Shanghai Zhenyun translation company will show you what skills need to be mastered in on-site interpretation?

  1、沒(méi)聽(tīng)清、聽(tīng)漏了或者沒(méi)聽(tīng)懂

  1. Missed, missed, or incomprehensible

  由于口譯現(xiàn)場(chǎng)環(huán)境、講話人語(yǔ)速、語(yǔ)音等因素，或者是由于譯者在譯前準(zhǔn)備上有所疏漏、在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)一時(shí)疲憊分神的原因，就會(huì)出現(xiàn)這樣的情況了。首先，你要分清楚這部分的內(nèi)容是否足夠重要、是否會(huì)影響對(duì)其他部分內(nèi)容的理解，如果是次要內(nèi)容，并不影響大局，可以省略不譯或著直接采取模糊處理的辦法。

  This situation will occur due to the on-site environment, speaker's speed, pronunciation and other factors, or due to the translator's negligence in pre translation preparation and temporary fatigue and distraction on the site. First of all, you should make clear whether the content of this part is important enough and whether it will affect the understanding of other parts. If it is a secondary content and does not affect the overall situation, you can omit the translation or directly adopt the method of fuzzy treatment.

  如果是關(guān)乎全文的關(guān)鍵性的內(nèi)容，就必須要認(rèn)真對(duì)待了，這時(shí)候你就需要一些口譯技巧來(lái)幫忙了。在相對(duì)寬松的環(huán)境下，如果方便得體，最好立刻詢問(wèn)講話人，或者請(qǐng)教現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的相關(guān)專家，不能硬著頭皮往下進(jìn)行翻譯，造成誤解，會(huì)影響會(huì)談和交流;如果是非常正式的場(chǎng)合或者大會(huì)發(fā)言，只能先用比較中性或模糊的話過(guò)渡，然后集中注意力，恃機(jī)調(diào)整補(bǔ)救。

  If it is the key content of the full text, it must be taken seriously. At this time, you need some interpretation skills to help. In a relatively relaxed environment, if it is convenient and appropriate, it is best to ask the speaker immediately or consult relevant experts on the scene. You can't translate hard, causing misunderstanding and affecting the talks and exchanges; If it is a very formal occasion or speech at the general assembly, you can only use neutral or vague words for the transition first, and then focus on the opportunity to adjust and remedy.

  2、錯(cuò)譯

  2. Mistranslation

  最優(yōu)秀的譯員在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)口譯中也難免出錯(cuò)。認(rèn)識(shí)到自己譯錯(cuò)了以后，不要驚慌，也不要說(shuō)“對(duì)不起，我譯錯(cuò)了”或者I’m sorry. I made a mistake. 這樣不僅會(huì)讓聽(tīng)眾產(chǎn)生理解混亂，還會(huì)損害譯員和譯文的可信度。好的口譯技巧可以幫你順利通過(guò)難關(guān)。這時(shí)的你可以重譯，并且對(duì)正確的譯文采取重音重復(fù)的辦法，就象平時(shí)說(shuō)話要強(qiáng)調(diào)某事一樣?；蛘咭越忉尩恼Z(yǔ)氣和方式，用I mean, … 或“就是說(shuō)”、“確切地說(shuō)”引出正確的譯文。

  The best interpreters will inevitably make mistakes in on-site interpretation. When you realize that your translation is wrong, don't panic, and don't say "I'm sorry. I made a mistake" or I'm sorry. I made a mistake. This will not only confuse the audience, but also damage the credibility of the interpreter and the translation. Good interpretation skills can help you through the difficulties. At this time, you can retranslate and adopt the method of stress repetition for the correct translation, just as you should emphasize something in your usual speech. Or use I mean,... Or "that is to say", "to be exact" to lead to the correct translation in the tone and way of explanation.

  3、不會(huì)譯

  3. Can't translate

  不會(huì)譯是由于兩種原因造成的，它的口譯技巧也有兩種。一是沒(méi)聽(tīng)懂，此時(shí)可以按本文的第一種情況處理;二是聽(tīng)懂了，卻一時(shí)找不到恰當(dāng)?shù)谋磉_(dá)，此時(shí)可先直譯，再按自己的理解進(jìn)行解釋，雖然譯文難免生澀，原文韻味喪失殆盡，但不會(huì)造成誤解，也不會(huì)影響交流的進(jìn)程?？谧g中遇到習(xí)語(yǔ)、典故、詩(shī)詞、幽默或?qū)Ｓ忻~時(shí)，如果沒(méi)有充分的準(zhǔn)備或事前不了解講話內(nèi)容，一時(shí)就很難在目標(biāo)語(yǔ)言中找到對(duì)應(yīng)的表達(dá)。此時(shí)要力爭(zhēng)譯出原文的大意，傳達(dá)出講話人的主旨，并且使交流順利地進(jìn)行下去，哪怕譯文欠妥也無(wú)傷大雅。譯專有名詞時(shí)，如果拿不準(zhǔn)，還可以在譯文后重復(fù)原文，聽(tīng)眾中的專業(yè)人士很可能立刻就清楚了。

  There are two reasons for not being able to translate, and there are also two kinds of interpretation skills. First, I don't understand. At this time, I can deal with it according to the first situation of this article; Second, if you understand it, but you can't find an appropriate expression for the moment. At this time, you can translate it directly and then explain it according to your own understanding. Although the translation is inevitably raw and the charm of the original text is lost, it will not cause misunderstanding or affect the process of communication. When idioms, allusions, poems, humor or proper nouns are encountered in interpretation, it is difficult to find corresponding expressions in the target language if they are not fully prepared or do not understand the speech content in advance. At this time, we should strive to translate the main idea of the original text, convey the keynote of the speaker, and make the communication go on smoothly, even if the translation is inappropriate. When translating proper nouns, if you are not sure, you can also repeat the original text after the translation, which is likely to be clear to the professionals in the audience immediately.

  4、講話人說(shuō)錯(cuò)

  4. The speaker is wrong

  口譯中也可能遇到講話人說(shuō)錯(cuò)的情況，好的口譯技巧可以讓你避免尷尬。如果有違事實(shí)、史實(shí)或常識(shí)的錯(cuò)誤，或者是講話人口誤，譯員意識(shí)到了這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，并且能改正，應(yīng)該在譯文中予以糾正。如果譯員懷疑講話人說(shuō)錯(cuò)，卻又不能肯定，在方便的情況下，應(yīng)向講話人確認(rèn);在大型會(huì)議場(chǎng)合中，應(yīng)按原文翻譯。

  There may also be mistakes in interpretation. Good interpretation skills can help you avoid embarrassment. If there is an error contrary to facts, historical facts or common sense, or a speech error, the interpreter is aware of the error and can correct it, and should correct it in the translation. If the interpreter suspects that the speaker is wrong but is not sure, he should confirm with the speaker at his convenience; In large-scale meetings, the translation should be based on the original text.

  5、講話人邏輯混亂

  5. The speaker's logic is confused

  口譯常常譯的是即席講話或發(fā)言，而人們?cè)诩聪陬^表達(dá)中，由于思維和語(yǔ)言水平的限制，經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)不必要的重復(fù)、拖沓、語(yǔ)言模糊，或者斷句、層次不清、邏輯關(guān)系混亂等現(xiàn)象，這給譯員造成了很大困難，譯員要有想到精妙的口譯技巧來(lái)解決這個(gè)難題。要善于對(duì)原文進(jìn)行梳理，分清邏輯層次，迅速抓住主次，對(duì)于啰嗦重復(fù)的部分，應(yīng)刪繁就簡(jiǎn)、同義合并;對(duì)于邏輯不清的部分，要盡量理出層次和頭緒，并在譯文中體現(xiàn)出來(lái);對(duì)于斷句或語(yǔ)意不完整的部分，應(yīng)首先進(jìn)行句法轉(zhuǎn)換，并加以補(bǔ)充，力求完整，另外，如果下文接著說(shuō)或繼續(xù)相關(guān)內(nèi)容，則應(yīng)該在下文的翻譯中，做到與此句相呼應(yīng)，體現(xiàn)上下文的關(guān)聯(lián)性和邏輯關(guān)系。

  Interpretation often translates impromptu speech or speech. In impromptu oral expression, due to the limitations of thinking and language level, people often have unnecessary repetition, procrastination, vague language, or broken sentences, unclear levels, chaotic logical relations and other phenomena, which makes it very difficult for translators. Translators should think of exquisite interpretation skills to solve this problem. We should be good at combing the original text, distinguish the logical level, quickly grasp the primary and secondary, and delete the complicated and simplify the repetitive parts and merge the synonyms; For the part with unclear logic, we should try to sort out the level and clue and reflect it in the translation; For the parts with broken sentences or incomplete semantics, syntactic transformation shall be carried out first and supplemented to strive for completeness. In addition, if the relevant content is continued or continued below, it shall echo with this sentence in the following translation to reflect the relevance and logical relationship of the context.

  6、講話人語(yǔ)言不得體

  6. The speaker's language is inappropriate

  由于英漢兩種語(yǔ)言的文化背景迥異，思維和表達(dá)方式上差異很大，雙語(yǔ)交流時(shí)難免有文化的沖突，漢語(yǔ)中的一個(gè)問(wèn)候譯成英語(yǔ)可能就變成無(wú)理的冒犯;而英語(yǔ)的一句贊揚(yáng)譯成中文也許會(huì)令人尷尬。譯員應(yīng)掌握兩種文化背景知識(shí)，提高敏感度，在講話人言語(yǔ)不得體的時(shí)候，要靈活處理，或者略去不譯、或者淡化、或者變通，避免誤解，使交流能順利進(jìn)行，這也是最常用的口譯技巧。

  Due to the different cultural backgrounds and different ways of thinking and expression between English and Chinese, it is inevitable that there will be cultural conflicts in bilingual communication. Translating a Chinese greeting into English may become an unreasonable offence; A sentence of praise in English may be embarrassing to translate into Chinese. Translators should master the knowledge of two cultural backgrounds and improve their sensitivity. When the speaker's speech is inappropriate, they should deal with it flexibly, or omit it, or dilute it, or be flexible to avoid misunderstanding and make the communication smooth. This is also the most commonly used interpretation skill.